First, an obvious point.
The biggest controversy attached to the new version of Red Hat (even leading well-known developer Bernhard "Bero" Rosenkraenzer to resign from the company) is the inclusion, by default, of a switch-hitting theme called Bluecurve -- this is a soft-edged, cartoonish desktop which appears as identical as practically possible under the Free Software world's two most visible desktop projects, GNOME and KDE. I haven't seen a Windows XP desktop for several months, but my memory says that Bluecurve could pass for XP without much hassle. Users accustomed to any version of Microsoft Windows will without much training be able to navigate WIMPily and happily through the system. Simple system navigation has been fine for the past several years, though -- what's new is that with Red Hat 8.0 (as with Lycoris, and possibly Lindows), former Windows users might not even notice that they're using a Free, available-for-free operating system. I'm in favor.
How to screw up a mostly great install
Outside of the small circle of people with the inclination and time to tweak their computer's OS, there is a much larger and more restive crowd who want things Just To Work. That's why I think that for any piece of software, but most importantly for an operating system, that installation, first impressions, and sensible defaults are more important to non-gurus than they seem to be to the designers of certain pieces of high-maintenance, geeks-only software. (And no one will ever accuse me of being a guru.) With this release, Red Hat's install has passed for the moment Mandrake, my usual vote for "decent system with the easiest install." (Because I like and most often recommend Mandrake, that's what I'll draw my comparisons from.)
Two things fouled my install; one of them was trivial (and my fault), the other (not my fault) I think is more serious.
Trivial first: I grabbed a bad ISO and failed to check the MD5 sum before starting my install. Like any distribution of Linux -- particularly after a major release -- just finding the software to download can be the most challenging step. Even several days after the release, it took a bit of drilling down the list of mirrors to find one willing to shoot me the ISOs, before I started downloading ISOs with wget and burning them with cdrecord. The first image I downloaded, burned, and stuck into my testing box's CD drive. It failed to boot -- and it turns out that it was just a bum ISO. A pain, but easily fixed with a few more thought-free hours of downloading, this time from a different mirror site (for luck), and testing the MD5 sum. Success! However, it turns out that wasn't the last ISO I needed, which is the bigger complaint.
From comments on Slashdot following Red Hat's release announcement, I was under the impression that only the first two ISOs were necessary to install Psyche (Don't trust everything you happen to read on Slashdot). So to conserve bandwidth, time, and my dwindling supply of white-topped CD-R blanks, I downloaded and burned only those first two disks. Nowhere did the installer (called Anaconda) ask me to specify which disks I had to work with (a question I had anticipated and was expecting; Mandrake's installer intelligently prompts the user for available disks up front), but I figured "So what? It'll just give me a dialogue box later asking me to skip installing from Disk 3, if it even comes to that." Not so; no go.
The install did go smoothly for a while. Before the Red Hat install proper starts (and this time with a disk less mangled than my first attempt's), there's a very smart text-based integrity checker that pops up to test the current install disk, and offers to test your other install disks, too. I tested all three, and all three were rated "pass." Every distribution should do this kind of early-stage sanity check.
In "channeling-my-dad" mode, I chose the graphical install rather than the text version, and started pointing and clicking. As I've come to expect from modern Linux systems, all of my computer's hardware (most of it wildly, fantastically powerful no more than three years ago) was correctly identified. Choosing the path of least resistance, I let Psyche take over my whole disk, but picked a "custom" install. This provides a decent set of defaults, but allowed me to select or deselect individual packages; I ended up with a projected total of about 1,800 MB of software.
The Red Hat approach to package selection, I think, is better than Mandrake's nested-tree listing of available packages. Anaconda presents a list of categories (like "games"), and clicking on a "detail" link attached to each category presents a scrollable, legible list of contents, neatly separated into base packages (not removable if you want to keep the category at all), and selectable packages, checked or unchecked as you desire. (If you think picking categories and packages is a bore, there's also an "everything" choice to inject your system with more than 4GB of Red Hat. I was too impatient for that.) When I finally hit the button to initiate actual system installation, the cute blue progress meter started moving -- great!
After about 10 minutes, I was prompted to switch to the second disk, and the install continued. Shortly thereafter I was surprised to hear another beep, and see a prompt for disk 3. (Wasn't that "just documentation?") Since I didn't have disk 3, I hit OK, expecting the installer to recognize that I had no third disk to offer. Instead, the install seemed to hang at this point, intent on getting that disk at all costs. I was stuck in a dumb loop: the machine would ask me to insert the missing disk, and I would doggedly fail to do so. Control-alt-delete wouldn't turn the machine off, and I couldn't even reach a virtual terminal to gracefully shut down. So I power cycled the machine, not my favorite thing to do. Red Hat's installer should fail gracefully at this stage, in fact not "fail" at all -- it should be designed to deal with missing packages by building a system around the ones which are available. Wouldn't it be smart to make the first ISO capable of at least building a working system?
At least I could tell exactly where the install failed, and try it with the third disk in place, but I suspect most people just trying it out would be frustrated out of continuing, which is a shame. A few more thought-free hours later (find speedy mirror, download, burn), I repeated the install with all three disks, at which point Red Hat 8.0 slipped happily onto my hard drive. I looked more carefully this time, but still didn't see a place to specify which disks I had to install from. Total install time for this round: about 20 minutes, not counting time between disk changes to grab some chili. Some Linux distros go on faster, but I found the process pretty snappy. After a necessary reboot, I went through Red Hat's post-install program (the "Setup Agent"), another few minutes of dad-friendly pointing and clicking; kudos for the sound-card test, with separate left, right and stereo samples -- very smart. Faster than expected, I eluded the Agent, logged into the default Gnome environment, and smiled.
One nice thing about Bluecurve (perhaps the nice thing in fact, and the reason for its existence), is that once you log in, it's difficult to tell at a glance whether you're using KDE or GNOME. You may, like Bero, consider this instead to be the worst thing about it, because it erases the distinguishing appearance and feel which stock versions of each desktop have forged for themselves. Because KDE and GNOME will happily allow power users (even low-power users) to apply wildly different themes as they please, it didn't bother me that Red Hat has supplied exactly one common theme between the desktops. Trivial point: I also prefer the utilitarian, clean-lined Bluecurve XMMS skin to most of the bizarre alternatives.
The desktop, and the OS, is supposed to do stuff though, not just look a certain way. To that end, Psyche has quite a bit to offer, and you'd do better to look at a list of available packages than let me try to list many of the options. As easy summary is that the included everyday-use software is plentiful and well chosen. There are the heavy hitters, like Mozilla (version 1.0.1 is nice, but I hope to see Phoenix in the next RH release as well as the Mozilla browser itself), Evolution, The GIMP, OpenOffice, KOffice, AbiWord and more, as well as the goodies that come along with KDE and GNOME, like Konqueror, Kmail, Nautilus, various CD burning apps, games and much much more. There are also programming languages aplenty, PDF viewers, media players of various kinds (though without MP3 tools), and ... you can see why it's a bad idea to list them here. I can handily assure anyone interested that it comes with more, and more useful, software than does any version of Windows.
Complaints Department
I've noticed a few things not to my liking so far. First, getting to a terminal. Whatever the benefits of graphical tools, there are some things -- like checking mail with pine -- impossible without a terminal app. With the Bluecurve theme, there's no icon for a terminal on the panel, and instead it's found under "system tools," using Konsole under KDE and the GNOME terminal under GNOME. While it's fair to call a terminal app a "system tool," it's important enough I'm disappointed that it isn't more visible. Not Red Hat's fault entirely (same is true under every Linux desktop I've tried, to various degrees), but the assignment of various tools and applications into menu options is always interestingly random. For instance, why is there a "games" submenu under "extras," in addition to a separate "games" listing in the main Red Hat menu? Is that for second-class games?
(Once I found it, it was easy to drag the terminal app from the menu to the panel, but not something a new user should need to do. And this must be done separately for KDE and GNOME. Many new users may never know they have other window managers available.)
Second, despite the ecumenical graphical approach that Bluecurve represents, Red Hat has not made it at all obvious to users even how to change the window manager they are logging in to. This requires choosing "session" from the X-based login screen itself, at which point one can choose from the installed WMs, including WindowMaker (yay!).
Upshot
I'm probably going to leave the hard drive I just overwrote with Red Hat in its new state for a while rather than "fix" that mistake. Why not? Red Hat 8.0 is clean, responsive, and has given me a desktop system I'm happy to keep.
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So installing random packages from the Internet is nice but having a _real_ installer, decent config tools, sensible application programs (not every bit of junk floating in the net) and a good environment for _working_ (you don't spend your life installing things isn't it?) are IMHO far more important.
To run applications that lack support for Unicode locales, you may work around by setting the LANG environment variable at the shell prompt to C prior to typing the application name. For example:
env LANG=C acroread
The Red Hat approach to package selection, I think, is better than Mandrake's nested-tree listing of available packages.
It's been a while, but the last time I did a Mandrake install as a regular user, not as Expert, you don't get the package tree. And even in Expert mode, you still only get the package tree if you click on "Select Individual Packages." Otherwise you get a selection of categories like Games, Multimedia, Internet Client. Can't remember all the choices. What I like about Mandrake is that I can click the categories I want and then click on select individual packages to prune out the things I don't need. For example, clicking Office Productivity (or whatever it is called) installs things that I want like the various office suites and their dependencies, but also things I don't want like jpilot. I don't have a palm, so I can just uncheck all of them.
Just like in Red Hat 9, where you can also select to install individual packages in either a tree view in categories or in a flat alphabetical view.
A very minor point, but it is worth noting that the difference doesn't really exist.
I find the install of Mandrake 9 is easier. They difficulty factor is about the same for each. Redhat has made a nice improvement in the look of it's install utility. I'm pretty sure this mostly due to the use of gtk2. Mandrake definately has the more colorful install, they both are very polished and provide a very good install experience. The time it takes to complete the install is the main difference. RedHat 8 takes about 1 1/2 times as long for the same amount of packages. Redhat can take up to two hours to complete an upgrade. After 2 Redhat upgrades, I started wiping the machines and started clean, except for the<nobr> <wbr></nobr>/home partitions. Mandrake took about forty five minutes average to complete an upgrade. Upgrades to Mandrake from 8.2, can break some apps, this is due to fact that Mandrake 8.2 put kde3 in<nobr> <wbr></nobr>/opt/kde3 and Mandrake 9 put kde back under<nobr> <wbr></nobr>/usr. So any apps installed outside the distro become broken. This can be a real pain,and one that could have been avoided by moving the kde2 libs in MDK8.2 instead of kde3. The favorability among users is pretty much kde vs. gnome. The users who prefer gnome love bluecurve. Those who prefer KDE love mandrake, (with an added liquid theme!).
The configuration tool for Mandrake is much more integrated, intuitive and mature than what redhat has done. RedHat got rid of linuxconfig starting with 7.2 and replaced it with a bunch of individual apps and wizards that can be run from nautilus, sort of like the control panel in Windows. For experienced redhat users everything has completely changed and not nessasarily for the better. The Mandrake Control Center is a much easier to use configuration tool. Using urpmi to install rpm's is great, it finds the dependencies and installs them even from the commandline which makes administering a server without Xwindows a snap.
Both distros look great & have their own unique menu systems. Unfortunately, in RedHat when you install software not in the distro you have to in most cases make your own menu listings. Many kde apps in the psyche cd's don't show up in the menus for gnome. The same goes for kde, not all the stuff installed for gnome is listed. Alot of stuff that is there you have to hunt for under the extras menu. They managed to break a few apps that have been stable for years. For example try playing aislerot, double clicking on the cards too many times causes it to crash in every machine I tried. It's a minor thing but damn annoying to someone who plays solitaire during lunch! I think both distributions look and work great, but after using & adminstering both daily, Mandrake 9 is a little bit better in my humble opinion.
Where are you guys getting these 30 second and up times? I am not seeing them and I do not have a "super-duper" computer. No scsi drives, no honking fast cpu, no gee-whiz graphics card. I don't know if you are ram starved or just have a funky HD<nobr> <wbr></nobr>... but something is wrong with your machines. I am getting performance 300% - 600% faster than yours. My K7-750 is okay<nobr> <wbr></nobr>... but nowhere near the top of the pile.
I agree wholeheartedly with these sentiments! These "reviews" which concentrate on tedious and ultimately irrelevant installation details and then completely ignore the maintenance issues (which are somewhat more significant with Red Hat) really bring nothing to the table.
How good the icons are is of secondary importance (to be generous) compared to whether Red Hat has resolved things like font installation, and given their hyped desktop unification efforts, I'd want the font installation to work for *both* desktop environments.
A few years ago, people were impressed when Linux distros could be installed without lengthy command sessions and an intimate knowledge of partitioning. We're not so easily impressed any more, so stop writing reviews that assume we are!
An upgrade has to see what you've got installed, take copies of any configuration files you may have edited, work out how to upgrade what you've got (KDE2 to KDE3 isn't a simple "remove kwm and install the new one over the top") and what dependencies will be required. An intelligent install (though I suspect none of them do this) could even spot that you've installed certain packages by hand, and upgrade those for you (eg, "aha!<nobr> <wbr></nobr>/usr/local/apache/, but no Apache RPM installed. Remove the old, install the new Apache RPM, put your httpd.conf back in place. Maybe even upgrade from 1.3 to 2.0, interpreting your httpd.conf and changing that to a 2.0 format.)
There is a lot to do when upgrading a machine; installing from scratch is simply throwing bits at the hard disk.
And what do you think would be accomplished if Redhat put the name "Taiwan" back in its list? Do you think mainland China would change its mind about annexing it back into the mainland government?
Your logic is faulty. It is not possible for China to invade either itself or a country which does not exist.>/p>
Don't worry about the geeks<nobr> <wbr></nobr>... you obviously aren't one. But consider this<nobr> <wbr></nobr>... freedoms won in battle are easily lost to sneak thieves. Those cameras going up on every piddly intersection are not simply to see who might forget to signal a turn. While you "heros" are, from thousands of miles of ocean away, calling for armed resistance against the Chinese government, your right to go get a quart of milk without official permission is being taken away.
Much of the time the costs will exceed the benefits, and Sun Tzu advises to prudent warrior not to engage in that kind of battle. Sun Tzu's message seems to me to be to use "the art of war" sparingly, and yet highly effectively, for maximum benefit. Don't avoid battle, and always enter battle impeccably prepared, and yet choose your battles carefully.
Quick question
Posted by: Joseph Cooper on October 08, 2002 06:14 PMinstall?
Try downloading a few RPMs off the net and see
if they install OK... That's the most important
factor when I pick a distro. "Is it a bitch to
install a program?"
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