Other evils involving information rather than physical violence were common also. For instance, some New York police regularly lied on the witness stand, and even made up a word for it: instead of "testifying," they described court appearances as "testilying." Some New York programmers fell into the lawful but socially destructive practice of proprietary software: They offered other people attractive software packages without source code, and exacted a promise not to share them with anyone else.
Despite these prevalent evils, never in my life have I seen anyone try to condemn all New Yorkers on the basis of the wrongs that only some have committed. I have not seen anyone assume that all the citizens of New York are guilty of murder, violence, robbery, perjury, or writing proprietary software. People are aware that the mere fact that some New Yorkers were known to have done these things is no justification for treating all of us as guilty. That would be "guilt by association," and people know this is unjust.
I now live in the smaller city of Cambridge, Mass. Murder and robbery occur there, too; I do not know if Cambridge police regularly lie in court, but proprietary software is rife. Nonetheless, I have never seen anyone try to condemn the whole city of Cambridge for this. Here, too, people recognize that guilt by association is an injustice.
However, people don't always remember to apply the principle. My virtual community, the free software community which I have helped to build since 20 years ago by developing the GNU operating system, is now the victim of a campaign of guilt by association. A number of articles -- I have seen some -- have tried to hold our entire community guilty for the development of the MyDoom virus.
We can be pretty sure that some New Yorkers have committed murder, because they have been tried and convicted for it. We do not know whether anyone in the free software community participated in the development of MyDoom. The developers have not been identified; they know who they are, but you and I else can only speculate. We could speculate that users of GNU/Linux developed the virus to attack SCO. We could speculate that Microsoft developed the virus so it would be blamed on us. We could speculate that disgruntled former SCO employees developed the virus to get even. But there is no evidence for any of these speculations.
If some day we find out that those who developed the virus were free software users, then my virtual community will be in the same situation as New York City and Cambridge: proven to have had some members who acted destructively.
This should not surprise anyone. The free software community numbers in the tens of millions, larger than New York or even Shanghai. It is hardly to be expected that so many people would all be ethical. Our community is self-selected for at least partial rejection of one unethical practice, proprietary software, but even that doesn't guarantee perfection. The presence of a few wrongdoers among many millions is no surprise -- and no excuse for guilt by association.
I am confident that nearly all readers of this article have nothing to do with developing the MyDoom virus. So if someone is accusing you, don't act defensive. You have no more to do with the virus than your accuser, so stand tall and say so.
If anyone has knowledge or evidence about who developed the virus, I hope he or she will come forth and make an accusation against specific people based on specific proof. But nobody should make accusations without proof, and there is no excuse for guilt by association. Not in New York, not in Cambridge, and not in the Free World.
Copyright 2004 Richard Stallman
Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are permitted
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I'd venture to say yes, but you have to wonder...
Proprietary people make a living off their proprietary OS. Why would they want to cause it harm? The escape from that question is that the OS is inconsequential, that the user's harm is the target, not the defamation of the OS. But we can very likely have an alternative to that: it's not so muth the damage to the user, but the quanitity of it - how many and how bad. The only moviation there is glory, since there is no other gain or some form of anger for targeting everyone indiscriminately.
Yet another reason could be that the proprietaty OS is the only one vulnerable, either technically or by low user IQ.
Suffice to say, proprietary OS and dumb user = easy tatget. If we assert that the reason for the virus is glory, then we can rule it out, since it's not very glamorous to beat up on a cripple.
We also have to look at the fact. Proprietary people use proprietary tools. And the dominant tool kit is very good about hiding intracacies of the OS. So I'm going to venture that these people are not the ones doing it.
All things considered, we conclude we have a few renagade people attacking Windows because of hate for the platform. The more they chisel at it, the worse it looks. Given Microsoft's history of patching, it seems to be a worth while endevor.
On the other side, we have to have someone every skilled to craft attacks against unix-based OS's. You need to know the architecture and how things compile on it. You need to (usually) target a specific version of software, and you have to do it before it changes (a la OpenSource). So many more steps are required.
We conclude that a middle-of-the-road programmer finds the risk of virus development easy and thrilling enough to target windows.
Of course this al hinges on the premise that one does not attack his own OS.
By "hacking", I assume you mean it in the same sense as RMS would -- that of taking a process or a collection of information and transforming it into a new, and hopefully more useful form.
If that is the case, then I think this is already being done, albeit in a less than perfect way. What do you think the "new media" outlets of Slashdot, NewsForge and Groklaw are?
Of course, every form of "media" has its own biases, but at least the process is Open here, and people can make their own contributions, regardless of who likes them or not.
What RMS was doing was stating an opinion, NOT forcing someone to do something. There's a BIG difference
"It is up to the author and copyright holder as to how they want to distribute their works. It is up to the consumer to decide which they prefer."
It seems that you can only discern between
"right" or "wrong" based on the environment you
live in. If you had grown up in a society where
womens are men's possesions
you would believe that this is the right thing.
Any one trying to FREE society from this
kind of thinking would be treated as attempting
to disrupt society and harming peoples (men's)
stablished rights. MANY WOMEN WOULD
AGREE!!! (Of course! They were thought that
not beeing a "good woman" is wrong.)
Big companies who own proprietary software have
much more rights over it's users then they should.
If I buy a book I can have a friend to read it.
If I have a proprietary software, I cannot lend
it to friends. The concern is that copying
software is much easier than copying a book.
Users of software are bound to much more
artificial restrictions (lending it to friends)
than users of books!!
But of course publishers are harmed by you
lending their book as much as a company is
harmed when you make a copy of it's software
and gives it to a friend. In both cases
neither the publisher, nor the software company
will ever see a peny from your friend!
Shall we forbid "libraries" from lending books!!?
Libraries harm publishers even more!!
If successful proprietary software sells X
units and make a profit of Y, then in the case
it sells 2X it will make a profit of 2Y.
When Mr. Stallman talks about "Proprietary
software beeing harmful" - I belive - he is
suggesting a different "means of software
production". Software would be produced in
order to benefit society. Many people,
governments, companies need software. Those
people would promote software development.
Software development will allways have it's
place as a business. What society profits by
giving some company complete control over
all instances of it's software, including
the right to forbid you from making copies,
LEARNING FROM IT, modifying, etc?
Can you imagine a book that forbids you from
writing other books based on the
knowledge you aquired by reading it?
You learn something and
you are forbiden to make an improved version of what you've learned. All this just to protect
proprietary software! Wouldn't society profit more
if the means of software production were
different? No artificial barriers would be
needed!! You wouldn't have to be told:<nobr> <wbr></nobr>...you will suffer severe civil and criminal
penalities...!!!
If it was not for "windows" in particular, we
would have much more freedom and much more
good-quality software. Of course you don't belive
this because you think that if it was not for
"windows" we would still be using black and white
display and a command prompt.
If it was not for windows, we would have
much more integration and much more standards.
Developers efforts wouldn't just be in vain
for M$ felt threatened and decided
promote some software's failure.
Society needs new MEANS OF SOFTWARE
PRODUCTION. I belive the best approach
is FREE SOFTWARE ("free" as in freedom, of
course).
The absolute majority of open source software endusers use it because it doesn't cost anything, period.
The absolute majority of all companies adopting open source does so to get free labour working for them for free, period.
I guess I forgot why I'm exclusively using GNU/Linux... Maybe, because it's more stable, less security issues, better inovation (because it's open source), etc., etc., and oh, and I think it may even be free!
I agree with you, brother. Matthew 6:24 says "No man can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon."
It is evident that RMS is serving the god of open source. He also makes Atheism his god. I know that not all open source users are. As a Christian, I believe there is nothing wrong with using, developing, and wishing others to use and develop open source code. I am one that uses open source exclusively. I think there are viable ways to make money with open-source software. Look at RedHat, for instance.
RMS is wrong in leading the Open Source community with the same philosophy.
Here's an <A HREF="http://worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=33438" TITLE="worldnetdaily.com">
excellent article</a worldnetdaily.com> about open source and the Bible. Open source is not in and of itself socialistic, even if some of it's users are. These are some definitions in the article:
I've translated it into Brazilian Portuguese:
<A HREF="http://www.propus.com.br/news/23" TITLE="propus.com.br">http://www.propus.com.br/news/23</a propus.com.br>
--
Marlon Dutra
<A HREF="http://www.propus.com.br/" TITLE="propus.com.br">Propus Software Livre</a propus.com.br>
MyDoom and the (Free Software) World
Posted by: Anonymous Coward on February 18, 2004 03:04 AMof course it is ridiculous. The Free(dom) Software world is not one monolithic organisation with the same pattern of thought, behaviour and emotions. Instead they are worldwide, scattered and connected through various 'networks', each with their own beliefs, ideas, thoughts and ethics.
Therefore accusing the 'Open Source'/Free(dom) software community, doesn't make any sense at all!
When questioned, just say:
"you're jumping to conclusions. It could be anyone". Period.
It's considerate of you to write an article on this subject though.
And I will not forget what you did for 'our' community. That's one of the reasons I give back.
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