With Cocoa, the APIs are already mostly available for Linux, there is just no binary loader interface to allow loading Mac OS X Cocoa apps on Linux. GNUstep and Cocotron allow recompiling to new targets near-unmodified Cocoa code...
Carbon API has been frozen for quite some time, and it is starting to be deprecated. Additionally, Carbon on OS X will not get 64-bit support. So, since it isn't a moving target, and there are a LOT of big name large applications out there in Carbon, being able to bring that to Linux by a simple recompile would be great. Especially if Linux could offer 64-bit support for the Carbon API when Mac OS X itself cannot....
Carbon itself was designed to have the backends replaced from underneath it, since it was written for Mac OS X and backported to Mac OS 8 and 9 so that developers would Carbonize their apps quickly...
In Linux, most of the toolkits that make up the functionality of the Carbon API exist, but the unifying API like Carbon doesn't exist. Since Carbon is a C/C++ API, I don't think that there will be hell to pay from developers for having apps use CarbonLib, since it isn't something crazy like Objective-C or C#...