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Absolute Linux Offers Old School Charm, Thanks to Slackware

There are two things you can count on with Linux:

  • Some distributions do a great job of pushing forward.

  • Some distributions do a great job of clinging to the past.

What this means is that, within the Linux landscape, you can find a distribution that perfectly fits your needs and your penchant. If you want something ultra-modern, you can install any distribution that features either GNOME or KDE Plasma. If you want something moderately modern, take a look at Elementary OS, or any distribution featuring the Budgie Desktop (or Mate or Cinnamon). But what if your desktop desires are rooted in something from the past? Say Windows XP? Believe it or not, there are plenty of distributions that cater to those who long for the days of yore, when the desktop metaphor trended toward the simple Microsoftian look and feel.

And what if you’d prefer your Linux to be based on Slackware? Yes, there’s a distribution perfectly suited for you. That distribution is called Absolute Linux; it’s based on Slackware and focuses solely on the desktop. Said desktop looks and feels quite a bit like something you’d have used in the early 2000s. That’s not a bad thing … just a thing. And for those enjoy the familiarity of, say, Windows XP, Absolute Linux might be just right for you.

Because Absolute is based on Slackware, it’s not quite as user-friendly as many modern Linux distributions. It’s definitely not as challenging as, say, Gentoo or even Arch Linux, nor is it as simple as Ubuntu. So, living somewhere right in the middle of the user-friendliness scale, Absolute Linux is a fine distribution that you might find to have the perfect mix of old-school looks and present-day usability.

Let’s install Absolute Linux and see how well it performs.

Installation

If you’ve installed a version of Linux from the late 1990s or early 2000s, you’ll feel right at home with the Absolute Linux installer. From the very first screen (Figure 1), you know exactly what you’ll get.

Figure 1: The Absolute Linux installer harkens back to installing Linux of old.

Select AUTOSETUP and the installer will detect your drive. In the next window (Figure 2), make sure to press the spacebar on your keyboard to select the target disk.

Figure 2: Selecting your drive for installation.

From that point on, the installer is equally as easy (once you get the hang of the ncurses interface). It even offers you the opportunity to create a bootable USB installation of Absolute Linux. If you don’t need this, use your cursor keys to select Skip (Figure 3) and then tab back to OK.

Figure 3: Creating a USB drive is easy during installation.

The next window could trip you up. Effectively, what this option (Figure 4) asks, is if you want to enable cut/paste for virtual consoles. If you’ve never made use of virtual consoles, don’t worry about this option. If you know about virtual consoles (and they are an important aspect of your Linux usage), I recommend enabling this feature.

Figure 4: Enabling cut/paste for virtual consoles.

In the next window (Figure 5), you can enable startup services. From this screen, you can enable services like CUPS, Samba, SSH, and more.

Figure 5: Enabling startup services.

The next three windows allow you to:

  • Test custom screen fonts

  • Set your timezone

  • Create a root user password

You will notice, during the installation, there is no means to create a standard user. That’s right … in the end, you’ll wind up with an desktop distribution that requires you to first log in as the root user and create new users. But once you’ve created that root user password, you can reboot and log into your Absolute Linux desktop.

Using Absolute Linux

The default desktop (Figure 6) should be immediately familiar. You’ll find a Start button, taskbar, system tray, and desktop icons.

Figure 6: The Absolute Linux desktop should look familiar to anyone that has used a computer from the early 2000s.

One of the very first things you’ll want to do is create a standard user. For those that don’t like the command line, Absolute Linux has a handy Control Center that includes the ability to create new users. Click Start > Control Center. In the resulting window (Figure 7), click on Add User.

Figure 7: Adding a new user in Absolute Linux.

Once you’ve filled out the necessary details, click the green + button (Figure 8) and the user will be created.

Figure 8: The necessary info for a new user.

Do note, these users are not added to the administrator or the sudo group. There is no way of adding them to the group via the Control Panel. To do that, open up the terminal window and issue the command usermod -aG wheel USER (Where USER is the name of the user). Log out and log back in as the new user.

When logged in as a standard user, one thing you’ll notice right away is that you won’t find the means to install packages. Log back in as root and you’ll see the Start Menu entry labeled Add/Remove Software. This is a perl-tk front-end for the installpkg command. For those that don’t mind the command line, installing an application in Absolute Linux can be done as simply as if you were using a Debian-based distribution. From the terminal window (as the root user), you can issue the command:

slapt-get PACKAGE

Where PACKAGE is the name of the software to be installed.

Of course, before you attempt to install a single package, make sure to first issue the command:

slapt-get --update

You can then run an upgrade with the command:

slapt-get --upgrade

If you attempt to run slapt-get you’ll be returned a “command not found” error. That’s right, slapt-get can only be run as root. You don’t have to log out and log back in as root. Instead, simply issue the su command, type the root user password, and then run the slapt-get command. Just remember to type the exit command, once you’re done installing.

The most reliable means of installing a package on Absolute Linux will be from the Slackbuilds site. The process is a bit complicated, but here are the steps:

  1. Locate an application to be installed.

  2. Download it’s .tar.gz file.

  3. Unpack the .tar.gz file.

  4. Change into the newly created directory.

  5. View the contents of the included .info file.

  6. Copy the URL of the source package within that file.

  7. Download the source package from either a browser or using the wget command.

  8. Give the .Slackbuild file executable permissions (with the command chmod u+x *.Slackbuild

  9. Issue the command su and type the root user password.

  10. Execute the .Slackbuild file with the command ./*.Slackbuild.

The package will install and be ready to use. It’s not a user-friendly solution, but it’s one that works quite well. The one caveat to this method is that sometimes you’ll run into a package who’s info file is out of date and the source file URL isn’t correct.

All in all, installing software on Absolute Linux isn’t for those who prefer things to be simple and straightforward. If you’re willing to put in a bit of time, you can eventually get the job done. But out of the box, Absolute Linux does come with a somewhat standard set of tools. You’ll find a web browser (Waterfox), an office suite (LibreOffice), a music player (Audacious), an audio recorder (Audacity), an ebook manager (Calibre), and plenty more. The one tool Absolute Linux is missing is an email client. And oddly enough, you don’t find Thunderbird available to install via slapt-get or from Slackbuilds.

Who should try Absolute Linux?

I’ll be honest, if you’re looking for a Linux distribution that will have you up and running quickly, and without much tweaking and work, Absolute Linux is not for you. If, on the other hand, you’re looking for a distribution that evokes the olden days of the computer desktop, and you don’t mind getting your hands dirty, Absolute Linux is a great choice.

Learn more about Linux through the free “Introduction to Linux” course from The Linux Foundation and edX.

How to Install Let’s Encrypt with NginX on Ubuntu 16.04 and Ubuntu 18.04

This is a step-by-step instruction on how to install Let’s Encrypt SSL with NginX on your Ubuntu 16.04 or Ubuntu 18.04 (both are popular LTS releases). I will try to describe several useful settings that will make configuration easy and smart. Where I will use different commands to be executed due to the Ubuntu version differences I will highlight those blocks to pay attention, but almost everything should be the same.

Requirements

You will need Ubuntu 16.04 or Ubuntu 18.04 server with SSH access, registered domain name pointed to your server’s IP and small portion of knowledge how to use Linux console and execute commands on the Ubuntu server. At least 30 minutes to complete the installation.

Continue reading at ITsyndicate

Why (and How) to Use eslint in Your Project

This story was written by Sam Roberts, a Senior Software Engineer at IBM Canada. It was first published in IBM developerWorks blog.

npmjs.org has 100s of thousands of packages, but that doesn’t mean they are of equal quality. Its important to check how well managed your direct dependencies are. …

Today’s topic is linting.

Well run projects have clear consistent coding conventions, with automated enforcement. When I review a project, and its code looks like a house built by a child using nothing but a hatchet and a picture of a house, it doesn’t inspire confidence that the code is functional.

Not having coding conventions is also a barrier to attracting contributions, and depending on a project that does not welcome (quality!) contributions is itself a risk.

Besides checking style, linters are also excellent tools for finding certain classes of bugs, such as those related to variable scope. Assignment to undeclared variables (these leak into the global scope, contaminating it and possibly causing very difficult to find bugs) and use of undefined variables are examples of errors that are detectable at lint time.

Read more at Medium

A Wayback Machine for Source Code

…The “Software Heritage” project is a sort of Wayback Machine for software. The project plans to create an archive of computer code source files as they appear on the web — an undertaking that has implications not just for history, but for science and research, too.

Since 2015, archivists at the Software Heritage project, which is hosted by the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation, have been collecting open source code available at various online repositories and websites. To date, the archive contains more than 4 billion source files from more than 80 million projects, says Roberto Di Cosmo, a computer scientist who is directing the project in Paris. In cases where open source code disappears, or the server it is stored on is hacked, destroyed or lost, the platform aims to become the go-to place for a backup version.

In the coming weeks, Di Cosmo and colleagues plan to release the archive for anyone to access for the first time. Adding code to the platform, however, will continue in the same fashion, Di Cosmo says. He speculates that the archive currently contains only around a quarter of the world’s open source software, noting that code is often published in hard-to-access places on the internet.

Read more at Undark

 

The Maintainer’s Paradox: Balancing Project and Community

What are some of the challenges open source project maintainers face? One common issue is “The Maintainer’s Paradox,” which refers to the fact that open source maintainers are presented with more ideas along with more challenges as their communities grow. This occurs even when they take very minor patches from contributors. This topic was recently tackled by Tim Bird, Senior Software Engineer at Sony, in a keynote address at the Embedded Linux Conference.

Bird is the maintainer of the Fuego test system, which provides a framework for testing embedded Linux. During his keynote, he provided examples of challenges that maintainers face,  within the context of maintaining Fuego.

Read more at The Linux Foundation

First Arch Linux ISO Snapshot Powered by Linux Kernel 4.16 Is Here

If you’ve wanted to deploy the Arch Linux operating system on your computers with the latest Linux 4.16 kernel series out-of-the-box, now you can with May 2018’s snapshot.

The Arch Linux 2018.05.01 snapshot for May 2018 is here, and it’s the first to be powered by the Linux 4.16 kernel series, which brings mitigations for Meltdown and both variants of the Spectre vulnerabilities for ARM64 (AArch64) architectures, as well as Spectre mitigations for IBM System z (s390) architectures…

As usual, the Arch Linux 2018.05.01 snapshot is intended only for new deployments of the Linux-based operating systems, including fresh installs or reinstalls. If you have a healthy Arch Linux installation, there’s no need to download the new ISO image, just make sure you have all the latest updates installed.

Read more at Softpedia

​Google Open Sources gVisor, A Sandboxed Container Runtime

Thanks to Docker, containers are everywhere now. But, while containers have revolutionized how we develop, package, and deploy applications, we’ve not done a great job of securing them. That’s where Google has a new answer in locking down containers: gVisor.

With gVisor, Google has introduced a new way to sandbox containers. These are containers that provide a secure isolation boundary between the host operating system and the application running within the container.

It does this by providing a Linux user-space kernel, written in Go. This implements a substantial portion of the Linux system surface and intercepting application system calls from containerized programs.

Read more at ZDNet

What Every Driver Developer Should Know about RT – Julia Cartwright, National Instruments

At the recent Embedded Linux Conference in Portland, National Instruments software engineer Julia Cartwright, an acting maintainer on a stable release of the RT patch, gave a well-attended presentation called “What Every Driver Developer Should Know about RT.” Cartwright started with an overview of RT, which helps provide guarantees for user task execution for embedded applications that require a high level of determinism. She then described the classes of driver-related problems that can have a detrimental impact to RT, as well as potential resolutions.

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Cloud Native at AWS – Adrian Cockcroft, Amazon Web Services

Cloud native computing is transforming cloud architectures and application delivery at organizations of all sizes. Via containers, microservices, and more, it introduces many new efficiencies. One of the world’s leading experts on it, Adrian Cockcroft, Vice President of Cloud Architecture at Amazon Web Services (AWS), focused on cloud native computing within the context of AWS in his keynote address at KubeCon + CloudNativeCon in Austin 

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Civil Infrastructure Platform: Industrial Grade Open Source Base-Layer – Yoshitake Kobayashi

“The Civil Infrastructure Platform is the most conservative of The Linux Foundation projects,” began Yoshitake Kobayashi at the recent Embedded Linux Conference in Portland. Yet, if any eyelids started fluttering shut in anticipation of an afternoon nap, they quickly opened when he added: “It may also be the most important to the future of civilization.”

The Linux Foundation launched the Civil Infrastructure Platform (CIP) project in April 2016 to develop base layer, open source industrial-grade software for civil infrastructure projects, starting with a 10-year Super Long-Term Support (SLTS) Linux kernel built around the LTS kernel. CIP expects to add other similarly reusable software building blocks that meet the safety and reliability requirements of industrial and civil infrastructure. 

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